The county is renowned for the stones of Stonehenge, Avebury stone circle the huge and Salisbury Cathedral.
Britain’s ancient history comes to life around the fields, plateaus and plains of rural Wiltshire. It’s a place that teases and tantalises the imagination, littered with more ancient barrows, processional avenues and mysterious stone rings than anywhere else in Britain; the stunning prehistoric sites of Avenbury and Stonehenge understandably receive the most visitors, but there are plenty of lesser-known sites to explore too, including Woodhenge, Silbury Hill and the Iron Age fort at Old Sarum. Wiltshire is also home to the stately homes of Longleat and Stourhead and the delightful villages of Castle Combe and Lacock, as well as the magnificent cathedral city of Salisbury.
The county was formerly the Wiltonshire, alteration of Anglo-Saxon name Wiltunscir. Wilton is a town whose name comes from the River Wylye.
Wiltshire has several archaeological remains dating from before the arrival of the Romans in 54 BC. AD The first human settlements in the region were founded during the Stone Age, including the megalithic monument of Stonehenge and Avebury stone circle. To the seventh century, the county is at the western frontier of the kingdom of Mercia. The Danes occupy the 878 and after the Norman Conquest of England in 1066, the county fell to the English crown and the Roman Catholic Church.
At the time of the national census of 1086, Wiltshire was largely rural and agriculturally dependent. The Doomsday Book mentions 390 mills in operation and vineyards at Tollard and Lacock. Over the following centuries, the population of Wiltshire farming practice, especially sheep. In the thirteenth century Cistercian monasteries in the county already exporting wool to Flanders and Florence.
At the time of the English Civil War of the seventeenth century Wiltshire supports the British Parliament against King Charles I.
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